In my experience, the upgraded database ends up in a mixed configuration state after upgrading; config set by connecting to the database directly is persisted during the upgrade, but AWS applies a new default parameter group to the instance to match the new major version, overriding any parameter group changes previously set. This caused me a week of pipeline stalls in my last role as it was difficult to debug and find the root cause. However if you know in advanced that this is going to happen (it isn't well documented at all) it is possible to i) pause your replication pipelines and disable any applications writing to the database, ii) perform the major upgrade, iii) apply a new parameter group matching the target version (requires a restart) to re-configure replication on the new major version and finally iv) re-enable your application and pipelines 🙂